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The Torfajökull volcanic system has been moderately active in the Holocene, with the last eruption occurring in 1477. It is located in the Eastern Volcanic Zone where rifting propagates into previously unrifted crust.
The system consists of central volcano and a NE-SW trending fissure swarm, and is about 40 km long and 30 km wide. A resurgent caldera lies within the central volcano. It hosts Iceland’s largest geothermal area of about 150 km2. Rhyolite rocks are predominant in the central volcano but basalt on the fissure swarm.